96-well plate DNA/RNA extraction kit

A 96-well plate DNA/RNA extraction kit is a laboratory tool used to extract DNA and RNA from biological samples.
It typically contains a range of reagents and materials for sample processing, nucleic acid isolation and purification, and is designed to be batch-operated in a 96-well plate to increase experimental efficiency. Such kits help researchers quickly and efficiently obtain high-quality nucleic acids for subsequent molecular biology experiments and analysis.

The principle of the 96-well plate DNA/RNA extraction kit is based on the following aspects:
Cell lysis
Destruction of cell and nuclear membranes: the lysate in the kit usually contains surfactants and salts, such as sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), etc. SDS can destroy the lipid bilayer structure of the cell and nuclear membranes, so that the nucleic acids inside the cell can be released into the solution, while EDTA chelates metal ions, inhibits the activity of nucleases and prevents nucleic acids from being degraded.
Role of proteases: Some kits also contain proteases, such as Proteinase K, which can degrade cellular proteins and break down proteins bound to nucleic acids, thus making it easier to isolate and purify nucleic acids.
Nucleic acid binding and adsorption
Silica membrane adsorption: Many kits use silica membranes as the adsorption medium for nucleic acids. Under the condition of high salt concentration, nucleic acid molecules will specifically bind to the silica hydroxyl group on the surface of silica membrane, and thus be adsorbed on the silica membrane, while the impurities such as proteins, polysaccharides, etc. will not be adsorbed, and remain in the solution to be removed.
Magnetic bead adsorption: Some kits use magnetic beads to adsorb nucleic acids. The surface of magnetic beads is usually modified with specific functional groups, such as carboxyl groups and amino groups, which are capable of electrostatic interaction or specific binding with nucleic acid molecules. Under the action of a magnetic field, the magnetic beads can be quickly separated from the solution, thus enabling the isolation and purification of nucleic acids.
Impurity Removal
Wash step: After nucleic acid adsorption, residual impurities need to be removed by a wash step. The washing solution in the kit usually contains a buffer with a low salt concentration and an organic solvent such as ethanol. The buffer with a low salt concentration reduces the non-specific binding of nucleic acids to the silica membrane or magnetic beads, while ethanol further removes impurities such as proteins and polysaccharides, while keeping the nucleic acids in a stable state.
Centrifugation or filtration: By centrifugation or filtration, the impurity-containing wash solution is separated from the adsorbed nucleic acids on the silica membrane or magnetic beads, resulting in a purer nucleic acid sample.
Nucleic acid elution
Low salt buffer elution: After washing, nucleic acids adsorbed on silica membranes or magnetic beads are eluted using low salt concentration buffer or deionized water as eluent. The low salt concentration destroys the binding force between the nucleic acids and the adsorbent medium, causing the nucleic acids to be released from the adsorbent medium into the solution, resulting in a highly pure DNA or RNA sample.
Heating or Incubation: In some cases, to increase the efficiency of nucleic acid elution, the eluent can be added to the adsorbed media and then heated or incubated to more fully elute the nucleic acid from the adsorbed media.