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At present, there is no clear information indicating that the iClean® Virus Transport Medium System (VTM-RT) has a virus inactivation function. If it does have an inactivation function, it may be based on the following common principles:
Protein Denaturation: The preservation solution of the transport system may contain chemical substances such as phenol and hypochlorite. These substances can disrupt the spatial structure of viral proteins, causing the proteins to denature. Proteins are an important part of viruses, such as viral envelope proteins and capsid proteins, which are crucial for the structural integrity of the virus, its adsorption to and invasion of host cells. Once the proteins denature, the virus cannot function properly and thus loses its infectivity.
Nucleic Acid Damage: The components in the preservation solution may interact with the viral nucleic acid. For example, some oxidizing substances can break the nucleic acid chains or damage the chemical bonds between nucleotides. Nucleic acid is the carrier of the genetic information of the virus. After the nucleic acid structure is damaged, the virus cannot replicate and transcribe, and thus cannot proliferate in the host cell, achieving the effect of inactivation.
Lipid Dissolution: For enveloped viruses, certain components in the transport system, such as lipid solvents, may dissolve the lipid components in the viral envelope. The viral envelope is very important for the infectivity and stability of the virus. After the envelope is damaged, the structure of the virus becomes unstable, and the internal nucleic acid, proteins and other components may be exposed, making it more vulnerable to the external environment and losing its activity.
Inactivation Principle of pH Adjustment: By adjusting the pH value of the preservation solution to make it in an extremely acidic or alkaline environment. An overly acidic or alkaline environment will affect the stability of viral proteins and nucleic acids, leading to protein denaturation and changes in the nucleic acid structure. For example, a low pH value can change the charge of the cell antigens on the surface of the virus, and the spatial structure of the protein undergoes irreversible denaturation, so that the virus loses its ability to bind to cell receptors and cannot enter the cell to complete the infection, achieving inactivation.
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