The detection principles of rapid detection reagents for monkeypox virus mainly include the following:

2025/02/28Class Product monkeyvirus news Monkeypox Virus Rapid Detection10

Nucleic Acid Detection Principle
- PCR Technology: Taking the specific nucleic acid sequence of the monkeypox virus as the target, the virus nucleic acid is amplified through the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Firstly, the nucleic acid in the sample is extracted and added to a reaction system containing components such as primers, polymerase, and dNTP. The primers will specifically bind to the specific region of the monkeypox virus nucleic acid. Under the action of the polymerase, using dNTP as raw materials and following the principle of base complementary pairing, the target nucleic acid is replicated in large quantities. After multiple cycles, the nucleic acid fragment is amplified millions of times, and the amplified product is detected by methods such as fluorescence signals or electrophoresis to determine whether the monkeypox virus nucleic acid exists in the sample.
- Isothermal Amplification Technology: For example, the loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) technology uses 4 to 6 specific primers and a DNA polymerase with strand displacement activity to achieve rapid amplification of the target nucleic acid under isothermal conditions. Compared with PCR technology, LAMP does not require complex temperature cycling equipment, has a fast reaction speed, and the result can be judged by observing with the naked eye whether a white precipitate appears in the reaction product, which is suitable for on-site rapid detection.
Antigen Detection Principle
- Immunochromatography: It utilizes the principle of specific binding between antigen and antibody. On the detection reagent strip, specific antibodies against the monkeypox virus antigen are immobilized. When the sample is added to the reagent strip, the monkeypox virus antigen in the sample will bind to the antibody on the reagent strip to form a complex. Then, the complex will flow with the liquid and encounter another antibody labeled with a chromogenic substance (such as colloidal gold), and bind again to form a sandwich structure. If the monkeypox virus antigen exists in the sample, a chromogenic band will appear in the detection area, and the test result is judged according to the presence or absence of the band.
Antibody Detection Principle
- Indirect Immunofluorescence Assay: The monkeypox virus antigen is fixed on a slide, and the serum sample to be tested is added. If there are specific antibodies against the monkeypox virus in the serum, the antibodies will bind to the antigen. Then, a fluorescein-labeled anti-human immunoglobulin antibody is added, which will bind to the human antibody bound to the antigen. Observed under a fluorescence microscope, if specific fluorescence appears, it indicates that there are antibodies against the monkeypox virus in the sample.
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA): The monkeypox virus antigen is coated on a microplate well, and the serum to be tested is added. After the antibody in the serum binds to the antigen, an enzyme-labeled anti-human antibody is added to form an antigen-antibody-enzyme-labeled antibody complex. After adding the substrate, the enzyme catalyzes the substrate to undergo a chromogenic reaction, and the absorbance value is detected by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay instrument. The presence of antibodies against the monkeypox virus in the sample and the content of the antibodies are judged according to the absorbance value.