The disinfection principle of the disinfection cloth mainly includes the following:

Chemical disinfection principle

• Alcohol disinfection: Alcohol can quickly penetrate the cell wall of bacteria and enter the interior of the cell, and then destroy its cell membrane and protein. After the cell membrane is destroyed, the substances inside the cell will leak out, causing the cell to lose its normal physiological function and die, thereby achieving the purpose of disinfection. Generally, the disinfection effect is the best when the alcohol concentration is about 70%.
• Iodophor disinfection: The iodine element in iodophor has strong oxidizing power, which can iodinate the protein of pathogens such as bacteria and viruses, causing the protein to denature and thereby losing its activity, achieving the purpose of sterilization.
• Other chemical disinfectants: For example, disinfection cloth containing hydrogen peroxide, sodium hypochlorite and other components. Hydrogen peroxide will decompose to generate hydroxyl radicals with strong oxidizing power, which can destroy the structures such as the cell membrane, protein and nucleic acid of the pathogen; sodium hypochlorite will form hypochlorous acid in water, and hypochlorous acid has strong oxidizing power, which can oxidize and denature the protein of the pathogen, thereby killing the pathogen.

Physical disinfection principle

• High-temperature disinfection: By heating the disinfection cloth to a certain high temperature, thereby destroying the structures of biological macromolecules such as protein and nucleic acid of bacterial and viral and other pathogens, causing them to denature and solidify, thereby losing the ability to infect and reproduce. Common high-temperature disinfection methods include steam sterilization, dry heat sterilization, etc. Medical disinfection cotton cloth is often sterilized by steam sterilization, ethylene oxide sterilization, gamma ray sterilization, etc. to ensure its sterility.
• Irradiation disinfection: Using ionizing radiation such as gamma rays and electron beams to irradiate the disinfection cloth, these high-energy rays can directly act on the genetic materials such as DNA and RNA of the pathogen, causing damage such as breakage and cross-linking, resulting in the pathogen being unable to replicate and reproduce normally, thereby achieving the effect of disinfection and sterilization.
• Plasma disinfection: Plasma contains a large number of active particles, such as ions, electrons, and free radicals. When these active particles come into contact with the disinfection cloth, they will destroy the cell wall, cell membrane and nucleic acid of the pathogen, thereby killing the pathogen and realizing the disinfection.

Disinfection principle of the material’s own characteristics

• Antimicrobial ions released by antimicrobial materials: Some disinfection cloths adopt a composite inorganic antimicrobial technology, so that the antimicrobial materials release antimicrobial ions, and the antimicrobial ions penetrate into the fibers of the cloth, modify the fibers, and then tightly combine the antimicrobial components in the cellulose molecules through related technical methods. When the pathogen comes into contact with the disinfection cloth, the antimicrobial ions will destroy the cell membrane, cell wall and nucleus of the bacteria, thereby killing the bacteria.
• The role of nanomaterials: Some nanomaterials have special physical and chemical properties, such as nano-silver having strong antibacterial properties. Adding nanomaterials to the disinfection cloth, nanomaterials can interact with the pathogen, interfere with its metabolic process, destroy its structure, and then inhibit or kill the pathogen.