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Cervical Swab

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  1. Definition and Use
    • A cervical swab is a medical device used for collecting cell or secretion samples from the cervix. It is mainly used for gynecological examinations and disease diagnosis, such as cervical cancer screening and detection of cervical inflammation. By collecting samples from the cervix, it is possible to detect the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV), cervical cancer cells, bacteria, or other pathogens, which is crucial for women’s reproductive health.
  2. Structural Features
    • A cervical swab generally consists of a swab head and a swab shaft. The swab head usually uses soft, non – irritating, and highly adsorptive materials, such as polyester fiber or nylon flocking, to ensure that cervical cells can be effectively obtained during sampling without causing damage to the cervix. The length of the swab shaft is moderate for convenient operation by medical staff, and the material has certain toughness to prevent breakage during sampling. Some cervical swab shafts have scales to help medical staff know the insertion depth.
  3. Sampling Method
    • During sampling, the woman needs to lie on the examination bed in the lithotomy position (with legs apart and knees bent). The medical staff will use a vaginal speculum to open the vagina and fully expose the cervix. Then, the cervical swab is gently inserted into the cervical os and rotated several times (usually 3 – 5 times) to make the swab head fully contact the surface of the cervix and collect sufficient cell or secretion samples. After sampling, the swab is carefully removed and placed in a specific preservation solution or sample container.
  4. Precautions
    • Before sampling, the woman should avoid sexual intercourse for 24 – 48 hours to avoid affecting the accuracy of the sample. Cervical sampling is generally not performed during menstruation because menstrual blood may interfere with test results. Medical staff should operate gently and accurately during sampling to avoid cervical injury due to excessive force. At the same time, the sterility of the sampling equipment must be ensured to prevent sample contamination.
  5. Advantages
    • The cervical swab can directly collect samples from the cervix, having the advantage of strong specificity and high accuracy for diagnosing cervical diseases. The design of its soft swab head can reduce discomfort for women during sampling and effectively collect enough samples for testing.
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