The specific applications of iClean® Saliva Collection Card are as follows:

1. Disease Diagnosis

• Infectious Disease Detection
  It can be used to detect viral infections such as AIDS, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C. For example, in the case of AIDS detection, by collecting saliva, relevant detection techniques can be used to detect the antibodies or antigens of the AIDS virus in it, providing a basis for the early screening of AIDS.
• Oral Disease Diagnosis
  It helps in the diagnosis of oral diseases such as periodontitis and dental caries. For instance, by detecting inflammatory factors and bacterial DNA in saliva, it can assist in determining whether there is inflammation and infection in the oral cavity.
• Screening for Other Diseases
  It is also useful for the diagnosis of diseases like influenza and hand – foot – and – mouth disease. Saliva can be collected to detect the viral nucleic acid, quickly determining whether the corresponding virus has infected the individual.

2. Genetic Testing

• Genetic Disease Screening
  The oral epithelial cells in saliva can be collected with this card, and DNA can be extracted for genetic testing related to genetic diseases. For example, detecting genes related to thalassemia and cystic fibrosis can help identify potential genetic disease risks, providing a basis for genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis.
• Pharmacogenomic Testing
  Analyzing the gene polymorphisms in saliva DNA helps understand an individual’s differences in drug metabolism and response, guiding clinical medication and enabling personalized treatment. For example, by detecting the CYP2C19 gene, the metabolism ability of patients to drugs such as clopidogrel can be determined, and the dosage can be adjusted accordingly.
• Cancer Gene Detection
  Detecting tumor – related gene variations in saliva, such as EGFR gene mutations in lung cancer and KRAS gene mutations in colorectal cancer, is used for early cancer screening, treatment efficacy monitoring, and prognosis assessment.

3. Toxicology Testing Field

• Drug Abuse Detection
  In drug rehabilitation centers, by collecting saliva to detect the presence of drug metabolites, staff can promptly understand the rehabilitation status of drug addicts and determine whether there is a relapse.
• Drunk – driving and Drugged – driving Detection
  In the field of traffic safety, on – site testing of saliva samples can quickly determine whether a driver is driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs, enabling law enforcement officers to take timely measures to ensure traffic safety.
• Occupational Safety Monitoring
  In the field of occupational safety, employees’ saliva can be regularly collected to detect whether they are exposed to harmful substances, such as detecting heavy metal content and drug residues in saliva, to protect employees’ health.

4. Forensic Identification

• Individual Identification
  At crime scenes or accident sites, if saliva samples are found, they can be collected using the iClean® Saliva Collection Card. Through DNA analysis, individual identification can be carried out, providing clues for solving cases.
• Paternity Testing
  The DNA in saliva can be used for paternity testing. By comparing the genetic information of parents and children, the parent – child relationship can be determined.

5. Health Management

• Nutritional Assessment
  Analyzing certain nutrition – related indicators in saliva, such as the content of vitamin D and minerals, can help understand an individual’s nutritional status, providing a reference for formulating personalized nutrition supplementation plans.
• Health Risk Assessment
  Detecting biomarkers in saliva, combined with the results of genetic testing, can assess an individual’s risk of developing certain chronic diseases such as diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. This provides a basis for health management, guiding people to take corresponding preventive measures.