Biological sample collection card

A biological sample collection card is a special card used for collecting, preserving, and transporting biological samples (such as blood, saliva, tissue fluid, etc.). The details are as follows:
I. Structure

1. Filter Paper
   • The main part of the biological sample collection card is made of high – quality filter paper. This filter paper has special physical and chemical properties. It can quickly absorb biological samples and maintain the stability of the samples after absorption. For example, the fiber structure of the filter paper is reasonably designed so that the sample can be evenly distributed on the filter paper, avoiding problems such as local over – concentration or under – concentration of the sample due to aggregation.
2. Protective Film
   • A layer of protective film usually covers the surface of the filter paper. The function of this protective film is to prevent the sample from being contaminated by the external environment, such as dust and bacteria, after collection. At the same time, the protective film also helps to prevent the sample from falling off from the filter paper due to friction during storage and transportation. The protective film is generally made of transparent, flexible, and breathable materials, which protect the sample without affecting the drying process of the sample.

II. Principles

The filter paper on the collection card is specially treated to inhibit the activities of enzymes such as nucleases and proteases in the biological sample, preventing these enzymes from degrading nucleic acids, proteins, and other biological macromolecules in the sample. At the same time, the chemical environment of the filter paper helps to maintain the stability of the pH value of the sample, enabling the biomolecules in the sample to be preserved in a relatively stable environment. For example, the stability of the sample pH value is achieved by adding specific buffer substances during the production process of the filter paper.

Sample Absorption Principle

Based on the capillary action of the filter paper, when a biological sample (such as a drop of blood) contacts the filter paper of the collection card, the tiny pores in the filter paper will quickly suck in the sample like capillaries. This capillary action can ensure that the sample is completely absorbed in a short time and will not damage the biomolecules in the sample during the absorption process.

Sample Preservation Principle

The filter paper on the collection card is specially treated to inhibit the activities of enzymes such as nucleases and proteases in the biological sample, preventing these enzymes from degrading nucleic acids, proteins, and other biological macromolecules in the sample. At the same time, the chemical environment of the filter paper helps to maintain the stability of the pH value of the sample, enabling the biomolecules in the sample to be preserved in a relatively stable environment. For example, the stability of the sample pH value is achieved by adding specific buffer substances during the production process of the filter paper.