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Cell culture flask is a crucial laboratory apparatus in the process of cell culture.
- Structural Features
- It is usually made of transparent plastic (such as polystyrene), which has good optical transparency and facilitates the observation of the growth status of cells under a microscope.
- The shape of the cell culture flask is generally cuboid or cylindrical. Its body has different specifications, and common culture areas include 25 cm², 75 cm², 175 cm² and so on, providing various options to meet the needs of cell culture experiments of different scales.
- The design of the flask mouth is for the convenience of operation and prevention of contamination. Some culture flasks are equipped with breathable caps. The caps usually have filters, which allow gas exchange (such as oxygen and carbon dioxide) while preventing the entry of microorganisms and maintaining the gas environment required for cell culture.
- Uses
- Adherent Growth of Cells:
- The inner surface of the cell culture flask is specially treated, for example, with a hydrophilic coating, which can promote the adherent growth of cells. This is very important for the culture of most mammalian cells, because many cell types (such as fibroblasts, epithelial cells, etc.) need to attach to a solid surface for normal growth and proliferation during in vitro culture. For example, when culturing human skin fibroblasts, the cells will attach to the inner surface of the culture flask, and then gradually spread and proliferate to form a monolayer of cells.
- Large-scale Culture of Cells:
- When a large number of cells are needed for experiments (such as drug screening, cell biology research, etc.), the cell culture flask can provide sufficient space. Through reasonable inoculation density and culture conditions, a sufficient number of cells can be obtained in the culture flask. For example, in the cell culture process for the production of monoclonal antibodies, cells are first inoculated in culture flasks with a small culture area, and then gradually expanded to culture flasks with a large culture area through subculture to obtain a large number of antibody-secreting cells.
- Subculture of Cells:
- As cells grow and proliferate in the culture flask, when the cell density reaches a certain level (such as when the cell confluence reaches 80% – 90%), subculture is required. Subculture can enable cells to continue to grow while maintaining their vitality and characteristics. During the subculture process, cells are first digested from the inner surface of the culture flask using digestive enzymes such as trypsin, and then the cell suspension is inoculated into new culture flasks at a certain ratio for continuous culture.
- Adherent Growth of Cells:
- Precautions for Use
- Aseptic Operation:
- Before using the cell culture flask, it must be ensured that it is in a sterile state. During the process of opening the package and inoculating cells, operations should be carried out in a sterile laminar flow hood to avoid microbial contamination. For example, operators should wear sterile gloves, masks and laboratory coats, and use sterilized pipettes, pipettes and other tools.
- Control of Culture Conditions:
- The cell culture flask needs to be placed in a suitable culture environment, including appropriate temperature (generally 37 °C, which is the optimal growth temperature for most mammalian cells), humidity (usually about 95%) and gas environment (air containing 5% carbon dioxide). The culture flask can be placed in a carbon dioxide incubator to meet the requirements of the cell growth environment.
- Observation and Recording of Cells:
- During the cell culture process, the growth status of cells should be observed regularly. Observe the morphology, density and whether there is contamination of cells through an inverted microscope, and make good records. For example, record the inoculation time of cells, subculture time, changes in cell morphology and other information, so as to track and evaluate the cell culture process.
- Aseptic Operation:
