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Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) blood collection tubes are special test tubes used for collecting and preserving cell-free DNA in blood, and they have important applications in various fields. The specific applications are as follows:
Room temperature preservation: Contains unique anticoagulation and preservation reagents, which can be stably
Oncology Detection
Early Diagnosis of Tumors: Tumor cells release cfDNA into the bloodstream. By analyzing characteristics such as gene mutations and methylation in cfDNA, abnormalities can be detected in the early stage of tumors. For example, in the early stage of lung cancer, gene mutations such as EGFR can be detected in cfDNA, which is helpful for the early detection and treatment of lung cancer.
Monitoring of Tumor Treatment Efficacy: During the process of tumor treatment, regular detection of cfDNA can help understand the changes in tumor cells. For example, if the abundance of tumor-related gene mutations in cfDNA decreases after chemotherapy, it indicates that the treatment is effective; conversely, if the abundance of mutations increases, it may mean that the tumor has relapsed or progressed.
Tumor Typing and Personalized Treatment: Comprehensive genetic testing of cfDNA can clarify the molecular typing of tumors and provide a basis for personalized treatment. For example, in breast cancer patients, by detecting the status of the HER2 gene in cfDNA, it can be determined whether to use anti-HER2 targeted drugs.
Prenatal Testing
Screening for Down Syndrome: The blood of pregnant women contains fetal free cfDNA. By detecting it, abnormalities in the number and structure of fetal chromosomes can be analyzed. For example, by detecting the content of cfDNA on chromosome 21, it can be determined whether the fetus has Down syndrome. Compared with traditional Down syndrome screening methods, this approach has higher accuracy and safety.
Detection of Other Chromosomal Abnormalities: It can also be used to detect chromosomal diseases such as Edwards syndrome (Trisomy 18) and Patau syndrome (Trisomy 13), providing important information for prenatal diagnosis and helping doctors and pregnant women make timely decisions.
Organ Transplant Monitoring
Monitoring of Rejection Reactions: After organ transplantation, cfDNA in the recipient’s blood can come from the donor organ. By monitoring the level of donor-derived cfDNA, early detection of organ rejection reactions can be achieved. When a rejection reaction occurs, the level of donor cfDNA will increase, which helps doctors adjust the dosage of immunosuppressants in a timely manner and improve the survival rate of the transplanted organ.
Assessment of Transplanted Organ Function: By combining with other clinical indicators and analyzing the changes in cfDNA, the functional state of the transplanted organ can be assessed. For example, after liver transplantation, monitoring the expression of genes related to liver function in cfDNA can help understand the recovery and functional status of the liver.
Detection of Infectious Diseases
Pathogen Detection: In some infectious diseases, the DNA of pathogens can also appear in blood cfDNA. Through metagenomic sequencing of cfDNA, the DNA of pathogens such as viruses, bacteria, and fungi can be detected, enabling rapid diagnosis and identification of infectious pathogens. For example, in patients with sepsis, the pathogen causing the infection can be identified through cfDNA detection, providing a basis for precise anti-infective treatment.
Monitoring of Infectious Disease Conditions: During the treatment of infectious diseases, monitoring the changes in the content of pathogen DNA in cfDNA can assess the treatment effect and disease progression. For example, in the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis, the gradual decrease in the content of Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA in cfDNA indicates that the treatment is effective.