The components of virus preservation liquid usually include the following categories:

Phosphate Buffer: Such as dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate, which can maintain the stability of the pH value of the solution and provide a relatively stable living environment for viruses, enabling them to maintain their activity within a certain period of time.
Tris Buffer: It has good buffering capacity and can effectively stabilize the pH value of the solution under different temperatures and ionic strengths, which helps to protect the structural and functional integrity of viruses.

Sodium Chloride: It can adjust the osmotic pressure of the solution to make it close to the osmotic pressure of the environment where viruses survive in vivo, preventing viruses from bursting or being inactivated due to differences in osmotic pressure.
Potassium Chloride: It helps to maintain the ionic balance inside and outside cells and also plays a certain role in the stability of viruses, facilitating the stable existence of viruses in the preservation liquid.

Bovine Serum Albumin: As a protein stabilizer, it can form a protective film on the surface of viruses, reduce the interaction between viruses and other components in the preservation liquid, prevent virus aggregation and denaturation, and also provide certain nutritional support.
Gelatin: It can increase the viscosity of the solution and play a protective role for viruses, avoiding mechanical damage to viruses during storage and transportation.
Tryptone: It contains a variety of amino acids and polypeptides, providing necessary nutrients for viruses and helping to maintain the activity of viruses.

Gentamicin: It belongs to the class of aminoglycoside antibiotics and has good inhibitory effects on both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. It can prevent the growth and reproduction of bacteria in samples and avoid the influence of bacterial metabolites on viruses.
Penicillin: It mainly inhibits the growth of Gram-positive bacteria. When used in combination with other antibacterial agents, it can effectively prevent samples from being contaminated by bacteria and ensure the sterile state of the virus preservation liquid.
Streptomycin: It has antibacterial activity against many kinds of bacteria, especially has a relatively strong inhibitory effect on Mycobacterium tuberculosis and other bacteria. In the virus preservation liquid, it can prevent bacterial contamination and protect virus samples.

Glycerol: It has good moisturizing and permeability properties, can lower the freezing point of the solution, prevent virus samples from being damaged by freezing during low-temperature storage, and also has a certain stabilizing effect on viruses.
EDTA: It is a metal ion chelating agent that can chelate divalent metal ions in the solution, inhibit the activity of nucleases, prevent the degradation of viral nucleic acids, and thus protect the genetic material of viruses.
Tween-20 or Tween-80: They are non-ionic surfactants, which can reduce the surface tension between viruses and the preservation liquid, make viruses better dispersed in the solution, and also have a certain protective effect on viruses.